Abstract: The railway operating tunnel security evaluation is the chief problem in the tunnel operation and management. There are many factors affect the railway tunnel security. And there are great harms in the safety incidents. So the heart of ensuring operational safety is to establish effective security risk evaluation model in the security monitoring. The fuzzy mathematical method was used in this study to estimate the railway operating tunnel security evaluation index and construct the evaluation index system. On the basis of the main factors that affect the railway operating tunnel security, this study classified the main parameters according to the corresponding indexes. Furthermore, it proposed the railway operating tunnel security evaluation model and method which combined the qualitative and quantitative analysis together. The study considered the security evaluation indexes weight by the expert evolution method. Then it gave the security level standard for the evaluation result. Compared with the existing railway security evaluation method, this fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model can better reflect the actual situation to the railway tunnel. And the model has high reliability and accuracy.