Abstract: Based on the stakeholder theory, the cognitive-emotional-behavioral theory and the social exchange theory, this study constructs an effect mechanism model of destination social responsibility on resident support for tourism development which takes resident benefits and trust as mediators. Through surveying the residents of the ancient Fenghuang City of Hunan, a famous ancient destination in China, to get the basic data, the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method is adopted to conduct an empirical test on the theory model. The empirical research results show that destination social responsibility has a significant, direct and positive effect on resident benefits and trust and an indirect impact on resident support for tourism development through resident benefits and trust. Resident benefits and trust have a significant and positive influence on resident support for tourism development respectively which proves their full mediating roles in the influence of destination social responsibility on resident support for tourism development. The study also points out the research limitations and future research directions.