Abstract: Vital 5 variety of cowpea was cultivated on a very sandy ultisol of Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria-using 3 rates of ground seashells, namely 0 t ha-1, 1 t ha-1 and 2 t ha-1. Results showed that soil pH increased from 3.3 (0 t ha-1), 4.2 (1 t ha-1 ground seashells) to 4.3 (2 t ha-1 ground seashells) Aluminum saturation (ALSAT) decreased from 64% (0 t ha-1), 46% 1 t ha-1) to 38% (2 t ha-1) while base saturation (BSAT) increased from 18% (0 t ha-1), 41% (1 t ha-1) to 52% (2 t ha-1). Available phosphorus distribution was 6.8, 24 and 32 ppm for 0, 1 and 2 t ha-1, respectively. Yield responses varied according to rate of lime (ground seashells) application with 1, 302.0, 1808.0 and 1896.5 kg ha-1 for 0, 1 and 2 t ha-1, respectively.