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International Journal of Cancer Research

Year: 2017 | Volume: 13 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 71-75
DOI: 10.3923/ijcr.2017.71.75
Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Phytochemical Screening of Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.) Warb Dichloromethane and Ethyl Acetate Stem Bark Extracts against HeLa Cells
Ijeoma Solomon Okoro and Terrumun Amom Tor-Anyiin

Abstract: Background and Objective: Cancer is one of the major life threatening diseases in the world today. Medicinal plants are proven to be promising source of anticancer drugs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemicals and cytotoxic potential of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate stem bark extracts from Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.) (P. Angolensis) Warb on cancer cell line-human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa ) cells. Methodology: Based on resazurin assay, the cytotoxicity for dichloromethane and ethyl acetate stem bark extracts of P. angolensis was evaluated. The phytochemical screening of the extracts was analyzed using standard method. The in vitro cytotoxicity was assessed against human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells using resazurin assay with the reference drug emetine. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out by one way ANOVA. Graphs were prepared by Prism software. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, saponin, steroids, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. A value of p<0.05, <0.01 and <0.0001 were considered to be significant, very significant and highly significant. The results showed the significant decrease of the viability of the cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The ethyl acetate extract of P. angolensis showed a significant cytotoxicity with CC50 90.27 ug mL–1. The dichloromethane extract demonstrated a higher cytotoxic activity with CC50 26.66 ug mL–1 <30 ug mL–1 a limit recommended for cytotoxicity for extract. Conclusion: The cytotoxicity study revealed P. angolensis extracts as having potential inhibitory effect on HeLa cells. Thus, extracts are promising cancer drug and their significance may increase in future in view of the lack of unwanted side effects characteristic for emetine compound currently in clinical use for treatment of cancer.

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How to cite this article
Ijeoma Solomon Okoro and Terrumun Amom Tor-Anyiin, 2017. Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Phytochemical Screening of Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.) Warb Dichloromethane and Ethyl Acetate Stem Bark Extracts against HeLa Cells. International Journal of Cancer Research, 13: 71-75.

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