Abstract: The tumor suppressor gene TP53 rs1800371 polymorphism (g.11370 C>T, c.139C>T, p.Pro47Ser) has been extensively investigated as a potential risk factor for different types of cancers and many diseases, but the results have been inconclusive. After searching multiple electronic databases to investigate the association between the p.Pro47Ser polymorphism and disease susceptibility, the present study has identified eleven eligible case-control studies, after investigating 2,502 cases and 3,740 controls. Also, four case-studies were included, investigating 225 cases. The genotypic frequency of Pro/Pro genotype in all the case-control studies was 100% (approximately). That led to conclude that there is no association between TP53 rs1800371 polymorphism and disease susceptibility. Published results seem to be driven by technical artifacts rather than justified biological effects. In order to determine the potential clinical implications of this polymorphism, future genetic association studies should use more rigorous genotyping methods and avoid the use of tumor tissue as a source of DNA to prevent genotype misclassification due to loss of heterozygosity.