Abstract: The study has been designed to investigate the effect of fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor PPARα agonist in partial abdominal aortic constriction (PAAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Rats were subjected to PAAC for 4 weeks to produce cardiac hypertrophy. The fenofibrate (3 mg kg-1 day-1, p.o.) was administered 3 days before PAAC and continued for 4 weeks after PAAC. The development of cardiac hypertrophy was assessed in terms of measuring ratio of left ventricular (LV) weight to body weight (LVW/BW), LV wall thickness (LVWT), LV protein content and LV collagen content. Further, the collagen accumulation in left ventricle was analyzed using picrosirius red staining. Moreover, the cardiomyocyte diameter was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and measured using NIH Scion image analyzer. The PAAC has produced cardiac hypertrophy by increasing LVW/BW, LVWT, LV protein content, LV collagen content and mean cardiomyocyte diameter. However, treatment with fenofibrate significantly attenuated PAAC-induced increase in LVW/BW, LVWT, LV protein content, LV collagen content and mean cardiomyocyte diameter. Thus, it may be concluded that fenofibrate has prevented PAAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy, which may be due to activation of PPARα.