Abstract: The present study was carried out during two successive seasons (2012 and 2013) on mature date palm (Amhat cv.) cultivated at a private orchard in El-Badrashin district, Giza governorate, Egypt. Pollen grains from different regions (Noubaria, Aswan, Giza, Rashid and New Valley) were used to pollinate female (Amhat cv.) date palms. All studied characters were significantly affected with different pollen grain sources used in this trial. Noubaria pollen grain gave the highest fruit set, retention, bunch weight and yield per palm in both seasons comparing with the other pollen grain sources. In addition, the same pollen grain source recorded the highest fruit characteristics (fruit weight, fruit dimensions and fruit volume) and chemical composition of fruit (total soluble solids, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars and total sugars). Fingerprinting analysis has been performed to investigate phylogenetic relationships among six Egyptian date-palm varieties (one female and five males). The RAPD-PCR with six successful primers out of twelve primers detected forty five fragments where eight were monomorphic bands with 17.78% and 37 fragments were polymorphic with 82.22% polymorphism. The relationships revealed a high value between Amhat with Noubaria (63.2%) and the lowest value between Amhat and Aswan (0.368%) in proximity matrix. On the other hand, six primers revealed the medium values between Amhat as female and both New Valley, Rashid and Giza with values of 52.6, 47.4 and 42.1, respectively. The phenetic analyses among some of the good fruit quality varieties were conducted using appropriate programs. Thus, clusters including the tested varieties are apparently related according to their date quality. However, Rashid and Noubaria varieties, characterized by their opposite fruit qualities, seem to be dissimilarly related to the others. Data provides evidence of RAPDs as a powerful technique which may be used to get phenetic information within Egyptian date-palm varieties.