Abstract: Oil-bearing juniper berry is a major commercial species used for essential oil production in Syria. This study was conducted at Damascus University in Syria aiming at investigating qualitative variation within Syrian juniper berries (Juniperus drupacea). The fruits of three accessions of Syrian juniper berries were collected across major and minor juniper areas in Syria (Slonfa, Makamat and Jobbelahmar) in two different times (ripe fruits and unripe fruits). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of oil extracted from each accession's fruits identified the main components of essential oil such as: α-Pinene (1-48%), δ-Cadinene (6-13%), Germacrene D (3-17%) and γ-Cadinene (1-8%). Besides, many trace compounds were detected such as: Camphene, β-Pinene, β Myrcene, totarol and Caryophyllene oxide. The essential oil of Slonfa accession's ripe fruits had shown the highest quality.