Abstract: Emergy analysis was used in this study to analyze two agricultural systems in Liaoning province of Northeast China and compare resource use, productivity, environmental pressure and sustainability over a temporal scale of 25 years. Structure and development of indigenous economy was also considered when the development of agricultural production was analyzed. Chaoyang is an important base for agricultural production in Liaoning province, while Fushun is a main industrial base of Northeast China. Though having better climatic and ecological conditions compared to Chaoyang, Fushun agricultural production was invested in more non-renewable resources outside per unit area than Chaoyang did. The results of analysis demonstrated a growing reliance on purchased resources in two agricultural systems. The fraction of purchased inputs had grown by 1.88 times and 1.08 times from 1980 to 2005 in Chaoyang and Fushun agricultural systems, respectively. For the reason of higher dependence on purchased non-renewable resources, production process placed greater load on the environment. And the ecological sustainability of studied systems decreased dramatically during 25 years. In this process, Chaoyang agricultural production expressed a more rapid decrease on sustainability, with Sustainability Index (SI) decreasing from 1.25 to 0.11. The similar process of industrialization brought more pressure to the weaker environment of Chaoyang. In 1980, the Environmental Load Ratio (ELR) in Chaoyang agricultural system was 2.99, when this ratio in Fushun agricultural system was 2.30. In 2005, the ELR of Chaoyang agricultural system had increased to 11.61, when this ratio in Fushun agricultural system was 7.86. While the use of higher quality inputs resulted in the greater yields per area from two agricultural systems, efficiency of these investment did not increase correspondingly. Environmental protection and restoration rather than greater amount of purchased non-renewable resources should be a good strategy to reduce the loss of non-renewable indigenous resources in two systems.