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Asian Journal of Plant Sciences

Year: 2017 | Volume: 16 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 101-108
DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2017.101.108
Growth, Yield and Physiological Characters of Three Types of Indonesian Rice Under Limited Water Supply
Endang Dwi Purbajanti , Florentina Kusmiyati and Eny Fuskhah

Abstract: Background and Objective: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop in Indonesia. Drought patterns are unpredictable and have complicated response mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the tiller number, stover yield, grain yield and physiological constituents (levels of antioxidants, proline, enzyme nitrate reductase (NR) and chlorophyll content) of rice that received limited supply of water. Materials and Methods: A 3×3 factorial design with three replications was used in this study. The first factor was the type of rice (Sidenuk, Way Apo or Pepe) and second factor was based on limited water field capacities of 75 and 100% of total field capacity and saturated water. Parameters observed were tiller number, stover yield, grain yield and physicochemical constituents (levels of antioxidants, proline, enzyme nitrate reductase (NR) and chlorophyll content). All data were analysed by using ANOVA, followed by Duncan multiple range test. Results: Lacking water conditions decreased the number of tillers by 39% for Sidenuk compared with that under saturated water condition. The number of tillers decreased by 48% for Way Apo and by 58% for Pepe. Limited water conditions decreased in yield and yield components of rice. The results showed that compared with saturated water, water limitations caused an increase in the antioxidant content of Sidenuk, Way Apo and Pepe seeds, with the increase reaching to 128, 80 and 61%, respectively. With less water, NR decreased by 89.6% in rice compared with that under saturated water condition. The total chlorophyll decreased with the increase in water limitation. Total chlorophyll of Sidenuk-LW decreased by 54.2% compared with that under Saturated Water (SW) and Sidenuk-FC decreased by 33.6% compared with that under Saturated Water (SW). The total chlorophyll of Way Apo-LW decreased 39.6% compared with that under the saturated water conditions. The total chlorophyll of Pepe-LW decreased 34.4% compared with that under the saturated water and Pepe-FC decreased 11.9% compared with that under the saturated water. Conclusion: The number of tillers, stover yield, grain yield and chlorophyll content of rice decreased with the increasing drought stress. The content of antioxidants, polyphenols and proline increased with the increasing drought stress.

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How to cite this article
Endang Dwi Purbajanti, Florentina Kusmiyati and Eny Fuskhah, 2017. Growth, Yield and Physiological Characters of Three Types of Indonesian Rice Under Limited Water Supply. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 16: 101-108.

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