Abstract: Typha genus belonging to Typhaceae family contained 12 species has been reported in Iran. This genus is one of the most systematically problematic identification. The main purpose of this study is to analyze palynomorphological characters among the member of Typha genus and evaluating the efficiency of these features in systematics. A total of 12 species, Typha species has been identified. Among them, Typha angustifolia L., Typha caspica Pobed. and Typha shuttleworthii W. Koch and Sonder in W. Koch. were recorded as three new species in the flora of Iran. These species were easily distinguished from its closest relative, T. latifolia L. In addition micromorphological characters i.e., capsule, pollen and leaf characters were examined under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Also, T. persica was considered as a synonym of T. shuttleworthii. Relationships between closed species were discussed and geographical patterns were demonstrated. A diagnostic key to four species of Typha distribution in Iran was provided. The results of this study show that SEM studies can be considered as a tool to separate between species in the Typha genus.