Abstract: In order to locate the genes involved in the inheritance of agronomic and physiological indicators of drought tolerance an experiment was carried out using a wheat-barley disomic addition lines. The results of analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for most of the traits investigated. Mean comparison exhibited that most of the genes controlling drought tolerance criteria are located on chromosomes 4H and 5H. The overall consideration of the indices using Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Germination Stress Index (GSI) and physiological Multiple Selection Index (MSI) indicated that most of the genes responsible for the inheritance of drought tolerance predictors are located on chromosomes 4H and 5H, hence they can be transferred for the breeding of drought tolerance in barley through chromosome engineering and for mapping QTLs by the molecular breeding procedures. A three dimensional-plot and cluster analysis confirmed the same conclusion. Correlation analysis discarded chlorophyll a and b also proline as an indicator of drought tolerance, but proved that Excised Leaf Water Retention (ELWR), Relative Water Content (RWC), Relative Water Deficit (RWD), Relative Water Loss (RWL), Chlorophyll Fluorescence (CHF), Cell Membrane Stability (CMS) and Leaf Chlorophyll Content (LCC) are physiological indices of drought tolerance and they can be used for the improvement of drought tolerance and grain yield via correlated response. Association between field (STI) and laboratory (GSI) indicators of drought tolerance showed that GSI can be considered as an early selection criterion for drought tolerance.