Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate dryland wheat production and precipitation water productivity response to planting dates of wheat variety of Sabalan at the Dryland Agricultural Research Institute in Maragheh located at the Northwest of Iran. Four planting dates 2 Oct., 12 Oct., 22 Oct. and 1 Nov. treatments were laid out in complete randomized blocks for three years. Results revealed that grain yield affected by planting dates. The planting date of 2 Oct. (with single irrigation at the sowing time) with seasonal precipitation of 504 mm produced the highest yield of 3422 kg ha-1. To describe the relationship between grain yield and received water from precipitation and single irrigation a linear model (r = 0.96) was developed being well agreement between measured and predicted values. Also, results showed that received water productivity averaged 0.46 and ranged from 0.32 to 0.68 kg m-3. Planting date of 2 Oct. with single irrigation at the sowing time produced the highest water productivity and grain yield. Therefore date of 2 Oct. for planting with supplemental irrigation and date of 12 Oct. in dryland condition can be recommended as the optimum planting date of wheat in Maragheh and similar climate condition.