Abstract: The present investigation provides a comparative account of cytological and developmental effects of Diethylsulphate (DES) and Sodium Azide (SA) on meiotic features, pollen fertility, seed germination and seedling survival in Vicia faba L. Studies undertaken in M1 generation on the variety major of this species, showed that both the mutagens DES and SA elicit various chromosomal aberrations in meiosis and reduction in seed germination, pollen fertility and seedling survival. Such effects were dose dependent and positively correlated with seed germination, pollen fertility and seedling survival. However, the induction of meiotic aberrations was observed to be higher in DES than SA treatments, suggesting that DES could be more effective in inducing additional variability than SA, in Vicia faba L. var. major.