Abstract: The inheritance and gene effects on resistance to F. moniliforme in maize were investigated using 6 relevant generations of a cross (R15xYe 478) including 2 parents, F1, F2, BCP1 and BCP2 by the mixed major gene plus poly-genes in genetic model of quantitative traits. The female parent R15, developed by the Maize Research Institute in the Sichuan Agricultural University is highly resistant to ear rot. Ye 478 is an inbred line with a high combining ability, but it is susceptible to many diseases. The frequency distribution of disease severity in segregating populations showed characteristics of a mixed normal distribution, which indicated the inheritance of resistance followed major genes plus poly-genes model. Twenty-four genetic models were established, which could be classified into five types: one major gene, two major genes, polygene, one major gene plus polygene and two major genes plus polygene. Results showed the genetic model E-3 was the most suitable model for the trait and the resistance was controlled by two additive major genes plus additive-dominance polygene. Finally, the results also revealed that agronomic traits investigated such as spike length, spike width, spike rows and kernel depth, etc. had less correlation to resistance to F. moniliforme maize ear rot, which showed that resistance to maize ear rot was mainly controlled by genetic factors and indirect agronomic traits can not be used as a selection index in breeding maize varieties for resistant to F. moniliforme ear rot.