Abstract: The effects of supplemental Ca2+ supply and NaCl salinity on the levels of the osmoticants; proline, glycinebetaine and activities of proline metabolism enzymes viz pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P-5-CR), proline oxidase, γ-glutamyl kinase on root and shoot of salt tolerant cv. T-44 were investigated. During germination of seeds of green gram subjected to NaCl salinity stress, proline and glycinebetaine contents in the root and shoot increased continuously. A further increase in proline and glycinebetaine concentration was observed with the addition of 5 mM CaCl2 to 200 mM (maximum salinity stress). Calcium ions play an important role in osmoprotection. The effects of Na+ and Ca2+ are thus additive in causing accumulation of proline and glycinebetaine. Ca appears to confer greater osmoprotection to the seedling exposed to salinity. P-5-CR and γ-glutamyl kinase play an important role in the synthesis of proline, while another enzyme proline oxidase catalyzes the conversion of proline to glutamate, thus reducing the levels of proline. Addition of 5 mM CaCl2 to 200 mM NaCl-stressed plants increased the proline concentration by decreasing the level of proline oxidase and increasing the levels of γ-glutamyl kinase and P-5-CR activities. Salinity stress, in the absence of calcium, increased proline due to decreased proline oxidase activity and increased accumulation of P-5-C reductase and γ-glutamyl kinase activities in both root and shoot of green gram. Thus, calcium ions increase both proline and glycinebetaine production in NaCl stressed green gram seedlings.