Abstract: The present study provides information about the endemicity of the disease in Uttar Pradesh, India that can help to formulate an effective strategy for an FMD control programme. In the Uttar Pradesh state of India, 270 FMD outbreaks were reported during 2000 to 2006. From these outbreaks, 178 tongue epithelial tissues were collected. Out of 270 outbreaks, 131 were confirmed by indirect sandwich ELISA test. Of the prevalent four serotypes, O type FMD virus accounted for the most outbreaks (50.38%), followed by A virus type (30.53%) and Asia-1 virus type (19.08%), while no outbreak due to type C was detected. The study shows clearly that incidences were highest during the winter months and in the South Western semi arid agro-climatic zone. The distribution and density of the FMD-susceptible population in different districts of the state also played major role in disease incidences. Due to the unrestricted movements of animals among different livestock markets, the disease was transmitted either by direct contact or by aerosols from infected to healthy animals.