Abstract: The objective of the present investigation was to study the effects of two cycles of pedigree selection in improving days to heading, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/plant in two segregating populations of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two cycles of pedigree selection for the days to heading, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/plant were practiced in two segregating populations of wheat in the F3-F5 generations. Highly significant differences among F3 families in both populations and sufficient genotypic coefficients of variation were observed for all studied traits. Estimates of realized gains showed that heading date were earlier by 4.10 and 6.91% for populations I and II, respectively, than the bulk sample after the two cycles of selection. Grain weight increased 14.72 and 6.43% for populations I and 8.01 and 1.68% for populations II over the better parent and the bulk sample, respectively, after two cycles of selection. Selection also improved grain yield/plant in both populations over the better parent and the bulk sample by 12.20 and 3.37% for populations I and 7.93 and 1.60% for populations II, respectively. In population I, one family (No. 26) yielded 17.21% more and was 4.42% earlier than the bulk sample. In population II, the best selected family (No. 82) was common to the three selection criteria and outyielded the bulk sample by 15.32%, was earlier by 2.73% and produced 9.10% heavier grain weight. Single trait selection proved to be an efficient selection method for improving both studied populations. However, this improvement was often accompanied with significant adverse effects on correlated traits.