Abstract: Background and Objective: Worldwide, approximately 30 million men have symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There is a high prevalence of the disease, therefore, the associated costs of medical care are also high. Little is documented on the nutritional status of men with BPH in sub-Saharan Africa. This study therefore aimed to determine the body mass index (BMI), nutrient intakes and serum antioxidant status of male adults with and without BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) in Ibadan. Materials and Methods: This case-controlled, analytical study recruited 28 male adults with BPH from the Urology Section of the Surgical Out-patients Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan and the controls were 17 male adults without BPH, age-matched, living in the same city. BMI was computed and mean daily nutrient intakes were assessed using repeated 24 h dietary recalls and analyzed using the software "Total Diet Assessment". Beta-carotene, retinol and lycopene levels in the serum of the respondents were also determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Results: There were no significant differences in the BMI, carbohydrate, fat, protein, energy, iron, sodium and zinc intakes between both groups (p>0.05). However, potassium intakes (807.3±352.2 mg vs 567.2 ±278.2 mg) and calcium intakes (188.3±163.6 mg vs 103.8±62.3 mg) of the BPH and controls differed significantly (p = 0.021 and 0.048, respectively). Lycopene (2443.1±265.4 μg) and beta-carotene (8.6±0.3 mg) intakes of the BPH were significantly lower than those of the controls (3862.3±316.2 μg and 10.1±8.3 mg) respectively, p<0.05. The mean serum lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol (24.2±10.2, 47.7±28.8 and 356.9±150.7 ng mL–1) of the BPH were significantly lower than the values 70.8±49.8, 57.6±47.7 and 395.4±275.6 ng mL–1 of the controls respectively (p<0.05). A significant inverse correlation was observed between serum lycopene and BPH (r = -0.552, p = 0.000). Conclusion: Elderly men had low nutrient intakes and the mean calcium and potassium intakes of men with BPH were significantly higher than that of men without BPH, while the mean lycopene and beta-carotene intakes of men without BPH were significantly higher than those with BPH. Furthermore, the serum antioxidant status of men with BPH was significantly lower than that of men without BPH.