Abstract: Aquaculture is a fast-growing food production sector. However, intensification of aquaculture has led to increasing use of various drugs and chemicals, detrimental to aquatic ecosystems. The present study was carried out to know the existing situation of different aquaculture drugs used in fish and shellfish health management in aquaculture activities. Data was collected through questionnaire interview, personal contact, market survey and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) like Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with fish and shellfish hatchery owners, nursery and culture farmers and retailers of aqua medicine and representatives of pharmaceutical companies. A range of chemicals including antibiotics were found existing in the market. Fish health management and disease treatment were the major areas where majority of such chemicals have been used. Other uses included pond preparation and management, growth promotion and improvement of water quality to enhance pond productivity. Commonly found traditional and new chemicals in health management included geotox, green zeolite, zeolite, zeocare, lime, mega zeo, bio aqua, gastrap, aquanone, zeo-fresh, zeo prime are used for the pond preparation and water quality management. Bio-ox, best oxygen, oxygen plus, oxyflow, oxygold, oxygrow, oxylife, oxymax, oxymore and oxyplus are the available chemicals for increasing oxygen concentration in pond or gher. Acimox(vet) Powder, Bactitab, Chlorsteclin, Cotrim-Vet, Fish cure, Orgacycline-15%, Otetra vet power 50, Oxin WS, Oxysentin 20%, Ranamox, Renamycin and Sulfatrim were antibiotics widely used in the study area. The present study also identified the problems associated with the use of aquaculture drugs which included lack of knowledge regarding use of chemicals, appropriate dose, method of application and indiscriminate use of chemicals in southwestern Bangladesh.