Abstract: In this experiment healthy and dry seeds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), varieties of Abasena and Kelafo 74, were treated with sodium azide at ascending mutagen concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05% targeted at determining the effects of the chemical mutagen to promote genetic variability in terms of the quantitative traits parameters of sesame. Highly significant differences (p<0.01) were noticed in the varieties and treatments with respect to the traits under consideration (germination percentage, root length,shoot length, plant height, days to flowering, days to maturity, internodes length, capsule length, No. of capsules plant-1, No. of seeds pod-1, hundred seed weight). Similarly Treatment and variety interactions were also highly significant (p<0.01) with respect to all traits. The variety Abasena exhibited better performance in comparison to Kelafo 74. Therefore, sodium azide could be utilized to induce genetic variability for the improvement of sesame and it is more effective. Since the produced mutants from first generation are not adequate for studying the genetic stability these traits should be investigated for the desired traits in subsequent generations and in the field conditions.