Abstract: This research was aimed at investigating qualitative and quantitative variation among oils of some Syrian wild Iris species compared to those of Iris germanica. Hydrodistillation was used to extract the essential oil from different wild Iris rhizomes. 0.1- 0.2% of oil yield was obtained. Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil have indicated the presence of 23 compounds in Iris germanica, Iris barnumae, Iris bostrensis and 19 in Iris aurantiaca. Results were statistically analyzed by the SPSS computer program. The major compound in these essential oils was myristic acid (61.42, 70.67, 51.15 and 79.67%) in Iris germanica, Iris aurantiaca, Iris barnumae and Iris bostrensis, respectively. The other sub major compounds obtained were lauric acid, decanoic acid (capric acid), palmitic acid methyl ester, octadecanoic acid methyl ester, elaidic acid methyl ester (9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (e)-) and palmitic acid. This is the first report on isolation and identification of oil from Syrian wild Iris plants by GC-MS.