Abstract: Turkey has recently been exhibiting an increasing development in terms of spreading oil pipe-line constructions. In a few months, Baku-Tiflis-Ceyhan pipe-line would be carrying 50 million ton crude oil per year from Ceyhan through all over the world. In the future, no doubt that new pipe lines will be connected to our oil transporting network so that Turkey would be much more effective to convert his geographical advantage to the income. However, we are lacking of knowledge on the impacts of oil pollution and its elimination from our lands. As well as its economic and geopolitical contributions, pipe-line transportation has a great risk in terms of oil contamination by spillage, leakage and accidents etc. on the natural sources. Improving our knowledge on the effects and remediation of oil-related pollution has therefore a critical significance in Turkey’s future in the respect of sustainable use of the environment. For that reason, in the present review, we briefly discussed the methods used in the remediation of oil polluted soils. Of the technologies commonly used for the cleanup of polluted soils, bioremediation is a newly accepted idea that gaining a worldwide interest.