Abstract: Cellulase plays an important role in cellulose degradation. The enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of b-1,4 glycosidic bond between glucose residues. The Macrotermes gilvus cellulase was purified by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange column with 1.38% recovery and 22-fold purification. The SDS-PAGE coupled with zymogram analysis revealed the molecular weights approximately of 54 kDa. The biochemical properties of the enzyme exhibited the optimum temperature and optimum pH of 45°C and 5.2. Interestingly, the enzyme was active over a wide range of temperatures (7-70°C) and a broad range of pH values (4.5-8). At the indicated temperatures and pH values, the enzyme exhibited more than 84 and 50% of its activity. The thermal stability and pH stability of the enzyme were also investigated. The result showed that the enzyme retained nearly 40% of its original activity after incubation in mild acidic (pH 5.2), neutral (pH 7.0) and basic (pH 10.0) conditions for 5 h. The enzyme retained its activity more than 70% of initial activity at both 37 and 45°C after incubation for 3 h. Moreover, the activity of the enzyme was strongly inhibited by Cu2+ and slightly affected by Fe2+ and EDTA, whereas the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ slightly increased the enzyme activity. Due to the wide temperature and pH range of enzyme activity, the Macrotermes gilvus cellulase might be potential enzyme for industrial or agricultural application.