Abstract: In vitro embryo production (IVP) is currently one of the most important biotechnologies in cattle breeding and husbandry. However, the efficiency of in vitro embryo production is still low with only 30-40% of oocytes developing into blastocysts, probably because, the in vitro environment cannot mimic in vivo environment and results in embryos that have altered morphology and gene expression. Several factors can influence the IVP efficiency and contribute to the existing differences between in vivo and in vitro produced embryos. There is also evidence showing that IVP can cause some disorders during gestation and in offspring. The aim of this study is to give a brief overview of some factors that influence in vitro production of bovine embryos and their ability to develop into blastocyst stage.