Abstract: Total of 4926 records were obtained over the first 5 lactations of Egyptian buffalo. Records were used to estimate the effect of first-lactation performance on subsequent lactations. Buffalos were divided into 4 sets based on its first-lactation milk yield; (1) Buffalos that had non-lactation milk yield at 1st lactation and culled (G100), (2) that had milk yield at 1st lactation and culled (G110), (3) that had non-lactation milk yield at 1st lactation and retained in the herd (G101) and (4) that had milk yield at 1st lactation and retained in the herd (G111). At the 1st-lactation, better significant reproductive efficiency (days open and calving interval) was obtained for the group 100, compared with the culled group 110 and the retained ones (G101 and G111). Culled buffalos (G110) had insignificant differences for reproductive traits, but had a significantly lower total milk production than group 111. The differences between the 2 groups (101 and 111) were significant for total milk yield and lactation period up to 4th lactation and up to 3rd lactation for 305 day milk yield, however, the differences of days open and calving interval were insignificant over all lactations. The group 101 was significantly higher than the group 111 for milk yield/day of milking and non-significant difference was obtained for milk yield/day of productive life. The buffalos that had non-lactation milk yield with high reproductive efficiency at 1st-lactation should have a special management conditions to be able to retain in the herd and maintaining acceptable milk yield for subsequent lactations.