Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of sympathetic nerves on distribution of the gut immune-associated cells (Including Intraepithelial Lymphocyte (IEL), mast cell, IgA+, CD4+ and CD8+ cell) in small intestine. A model of chemical sympathectomy in mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The gut immune-associated cells were investigated by histology and immunohistochemistry method. This study found that from proximal to distal segments in small intestine of normal mice, the numbers of intraepithelial lymphocyte, IgA+ and mast cells decreased gradually, whereas CD4+ and CD8+ cell number increased gradually. When 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was intraperitoneally injected into mice, IEL numbers were significantly decreased in whole small intestines. However, IgA+ and mast cell numbers decreased merely in the proximal segment while CD4+ and CD8+ cell numbers and their ratio reduced mainly in the distal segment. These findings indicated that sympathetic denervation disturbed the patterns of gut immune-associated cell distribution. It would substantiate the thesis of neuro-immune-endocrine and provide the new ideas for the intestinal disease prevention and drug developments.