Abstract: Sixty four sesame genotypes were evaluated in 8x8 simple lattice design at Dansha, in Western Tigray, in 2013/14. The objectives of the study were to estimate the extent of genetic variability and association between yield and related traits. Analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant (p<0.01) difference among the sixty four genotypes for all the fourteen characters studied. Number of capsule per plant and seed yield per ha recorded high Genotypic Coefficients of Variation (GCV) and Phenotypic Coefficients of Variation (PCV). The highest heritability value was for days to 50% flowering. Traits like, number of capsule per plant and seed yield per ha had high Phenotypic Coefficients of Variation (PCV), Genotypic Coefficients of Variation (GCV), moderately high heritability (h2) and genetic advance as a percentage of mean (GAM). This indicates that these characters can be improved through selection than heritability estimates alone. Number of primary branches per plant showed positive significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation with grain yield. Genotypically, path coefficient analysis based on grain yield as a dependent variable revealed that plant height and number of primary branches per plant exerted positive direct effect on seed yield. These characters had also positive and significant correlation with seed yield and this indicates true relationship between these traits and see yield. Therefore, emphasis should be given for these characters of sesame improvement program in future.