Abstract: Background and Objective: A worldwide effort to reduce the amount of chemical substances used in crop production by introducing modern biological methods. One of the possible solutions is allelopathy that involves both inhibitory and stimulatory biochemical interactions between plants. So, this work aimed to study the physiological effect of aqueous seed extract of fenugreek on productivity and grain quality of wheat plant. Materials and Methods: A field experiment was carried out at the experimental station of National Research Centre, Nubaria district El-Behera Governorate, Egypt, during two winter seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 to investigate the physiological effect of aqueous seed extract of fenugreek (5, 10 and 15%) on two wheat cultivars (Gimeza 7 and Sakha 94) grown under sandy soil conditions. Results: All aqueous seed extract of fenugreek (5, 10 and 15%) showed significant positive effect on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, grains yield, yield components and some biochemical constituents of the yielded grains of both wheat cultivars. The results revealed that 10% aqueous seed extract of fenugreek caused the maximum significant increases in the most of investigated parameters. Since, 10% aqueous extract of fenugreek significantly increased total photosynthetic pigments by 32.10% in Gimeza 7 cv. (cultivar) and by 33.42% in Sakha 94 cv. and increased grains yield of Gimeza 7 cv. by 36.36% and Sakha 94 cv. by 28.73%. Conclusion: Aqueous extract of fenugreek seed could be used in improving performance of wheat plant grown under sandy soil condition.