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Trends in Medical Research

Year: 2021 | Volume: 16 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 55-61
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Authors

Shahood Ajaz

Oruganti Sai Satish

Aamir Rashid

Aamir Rashid

Keywords

Research Article

Clinical, Angiographic Profile and Immediate Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Observational Study

Shahood Ajaz, Oruganti Sai Satish and Aamir Rashid Aamir Rashid's LiveDNA
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has involved around 213 countries and affected around 33 million people worldwide and around 6.2 million in India with about 1 million deaths worldwide. Lockdown was enforced in India as in other parts of the world to contain the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. However, it resulted in decreased hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome, delayed presentation and change in decision making. The main aim of our study was to analyze the presenting pattern and outcome of COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, done at tertiary care centre, patients of acute coronary syndrome over last 4 months underwent RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and HRCT chest prior to admission. A total of 25 (5.8%) patients with acute coronary syndrome who had evidence of COVID-19 infection were enrolled in the study. This group was evaluated for the risk factors, presenting symptoms, killip class, type of acute coronary syndrome (STEMI vs NSTEMI), time to presentation to hospital, treatment received (medical management/thrombolysis/PCI/CABG), cardiac arrhythmias, mean ejection fraction, HRCT chest (CORADS grading), any complications and immediate outcome. Results: In this study group, mean age of presentation was 50.9+12.8 years involving predominantly males (72%). Hypertension was present in 11(44%), diabetes in 7 (28%), smoking in 8 (32%) and obesity in 5 (20%) patients, respectively. The main presenting symptom was only chest pain in 20 (80%) patients followed by chest pain and dyspnea in 4 (16%) patients. Fever was present at the time of presentation in only 8 (32%) patients. Most common presentation was STEMI (84%). Only 5 patients (23.8%) in the STEMI group presented to the hospital within the window period. Around 60% patients presented with killip class I, 4 patients had cardiac arrhythmias (first degree heart block, 2:1 AV block, atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia). Mean ejection fraction of our study group was 40.6+8.9. Most common finding on HRCT chest was CORADS 5 (40%) followed by CORADS 4 (24%). Coronary angiogram was done in 4 (16%) patients who had persistent chest pain and intervention was attempted/done in 3 of these patients. Around 7 (28%) patients had complications which included acute kidney injury in 1 patient, multiorgan dysfunction (MODS) in 3 patients out of which 2 patients died, ischemic hepatitis in 1 patient, lower limb DVT in 1 patient and DVT with pulmonary thromboembolism in 1 patient. Both the expired patients belonged to the nonintervention arm. Conclusion: In this study, 5.8% patients of acute coronary syndrome had evidence of COVID-19 infection. Most of these patients had delayed presentation to the hospital, a less of interventional strategy and more of conservative management was instituted. Intervention was done/attempted in 4 patients who had persistent chest pain. Complications developed in 24% of the patients with a mortality of 8%. The expired patients belonged to the nonintervention arm and had multiorgan dysfunction.
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How to cite this article

Shahood Ajaz, Oruganti Sai Satish and Aamir Rashid, 2021. Clinical, Angiographic Profile and Immediate Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Observational Study. Trends in Medical Research, 16: 55-61.

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=tmr.2021.55.61

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