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Trends in Applied Sciences Research

Year: 2007 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 145-150
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Authors

A.O. Ogundare

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Research Article

Antimicrobial Effect of Tithonia diversifolia and Jatropha gossypifolia Leaf Extracts

A.O. Ogundare
The chloroform and methanol extract of the leaves Tithonia diversifolia and Jatropha gossypifolia were obtained using the cold extraction method. The anti-microbial activities of the extracts against ten human pathogens namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Shigella dysenteriae, Corynebacterium diptheriae, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Candida albicans were investigated using the agar well diffusion method. The results obtained showed that the chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves of T. diversifolia and J. gossypifolia had antimicrobial effect against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus with 12.0, 13.0, 12.0, 12.5, 20.0, 12.0, 6.0 and 18.0 mm as their zones of inhibition, respectively and Candida albicans was susceptible to all the extracts with zones of inhibition ranging from 17.0 to 35.0 mm. Other bacterial isolates were resistant except Pseudomonas aeroginosa that was susceptible only to Jatropha gossypifolia extracts. The anti-microbial activity competes well with standard antibiotics. Results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponin and tannin in the chloroform and methanol extracts of Tithonia diversifolia, phlobatannins and tannins in the methanol extract of Jatropha gossypifolia, phlobatannins and alkaloids in the chloroform extract of the same plant.
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