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| Phytochemical Screening of Root Extract of Momordica boivinii and Isolation of Two Steroids |
Filippo Tamiru,
Legesse Adane  and Banchiwosen Bekele |
Abstract:
Background and Objective: Momordica boivinii (M. bovinii) is one of the plant species widely used in traditional medicine in Sidama zone, Southern part of Ethiopia, for treatment of several human illnesses but their chemical constituents are not studied before. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct phytochemical screening tests on extracts of the root of this plant species and also to isolate compounds from the extracts. Materials and Methods: The root material of M. boivinii was extracted with four solvent systems [n-hexane, dichloromethane, dichloromethane/methanol (50:50% by volume) and methanol] using maceration technique and sequential extraction approach. All the extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening tests following standard procedures reported in literatures. Finally, the dichloromethane/methanol (50:50% by volume) extract was subjected to column chromatographic separation. Results: The yields of the extracts were 1.1, 1.8, 7.5 and 5.4 g for n-hexane, dichloromethane, dichloromethane/methanol (50:50% by volume) and methanol, respectively. The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids and tannins in the crude ectracts of dichloromethane and dichloromethane:methanol (50:50 by volume). The crude extract of n-hexane showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, glycosides and terpenoids. However, flavonoids, phenols and tannins were not detected. On the other hand, the crude extract of methanol revealed the presence of secondary metabolites listed above except tannins. Column chromatographic separation of the dichloromethane/methanol (50:50% by volume) extract afforded two compounds (labeled as compound MB-1 and MBC-1). The structures of the compounds were elucidated to be stigmasterol and methyl ester of betulinic acid-3-trans-caffeate based spectroscopic (IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) data and comparison with literature reports. This is the first report of isolation of the compounds from M. boivinii. Conclusion: The findings of the study validate the use of the plant in traditional medicine. However, biological activity test is recommended to get comprehensive information about the potential of the plant as source of modern drugs.
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How to cite this article:
Filippo Tamiru, Legesse Adane and Banchiwosen Bekele, 2018. Phytochemical Screening of Root Extract of Momordica boivinii and Isolation of Two Steroids. Research Journal of Phytochemistry, 12: 21-34.
DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2018.21.34
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=rjphyto.2018.21.34
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