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Antimicrobial activity of some Macrophytes from Lake Manzalah (Egypt) |
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M.F. Fareed,
A.M. Haroon and S.A. Rabeh |
Abstract:
The antimicrobial activities of aqueous and organic
solvents (chloroform, ethanol and methanol) extracts of four plants Ceratophyllum
demersum L., Eichhornia crassipes, Potamogeton crispus
and Potamogeton pectinatus were tested in vitro against
seventeen different microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria and fungi. Nine of these identified organisms were obtained from
different sources, Bacillus subtilis 1020, Bacillus cereus
1080, Staphylococcus aureus, Erwinia carotovora NCPPB 312,
Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger,
Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum. The other eight
organisms were isolated from Manzalah lake water and identified using
API 20E strip system (BioMereux). One hundred pathogenic bacterial isolates
representing eight genera were identified to species level. These organisms
are Escherichia coli (20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16%),
Klebsiella pneumoniae (14%), Salmonella colerasuis (13%),
Shigella sp. (11%), Serratia liquefaciens (10%), Proteus
vulgaris (9%) and Brenneria nigrifluens (7%). The extracts
of all tested plants demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the used
organisms. The efficiency of the extracts varied with, solvent used in
the extraction as well as plant species and the part of plant used. The
aqueous extract appeared to be the highly effective extract against all
tested organisms especially Fusarium oxysporum causing inhibition
zone 48 ± 0.01 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 59 ± 0.02
mm and Salmonella cholerasuis 55 ± 0.01 mm when using P.
crispus, P. pectinatus and C. demersum, respectively.
Ethanol extracts of C. demersum, P. crispus and E. crassipes
root showed antimicrobial activities against all tested organisms except
Aspergillus niger. At the same time the extract of P. pectinatus
had no effect also on Fusarum oxysparum and the extract of E.
crassipes leaves have no effect on Penicillium italicum. On
using chloroform extracts Esherichia coli, Aspergillus niger
and Penicillium italicum showed resistance. Comparing the effect
of different plants extracts C. demersum appeared to be the most
effective followed by P. pectinatus. Furthermore, the extracts
of E. crassipes leaves being more effective than that, of its roots.
Elemental analysis were also takes place in water and plant samples and
the results revealed the presence of Mn and Pb in higher concentration
in P. pectinatus (Mn 603 ± 4.243 ppm and Pb 44 ±
2.828 ppm), at the same time the highest values of Fe 1680 ± 2.2
ppm, Zn 31.5 ± 2.1 ppm and Cu 26.5 ± 2.1 ppm were recorded
for C. demersum. Comparing the two parts of E. crassipes
(leaves and roots), the roots have the highest values of all studied metals.
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How to cite this article:
M.F. Fareed, A.M. Haroon and S.A. Rabeh, 2008. Antimicrobial activity of some Macrophytes from Lake Manzalah (Egypt). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 11: 2454-2463.
DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.2454.2463
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjbs.2008.2454.2463
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