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Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Year: 2011 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 293-302
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Authors

A.A.A. Kayode

O.T. Kayode

O.A. Aroyeun

M.C. Stephen

Keywords

Research Article

Hematologic and Hepatic Enzyme Alterations Associated with Acute Administration of Antiretroviral Drugs

A.A.A. Kayode, O.T. Kayode, O.A. Aroyeun and M.C. Stephen
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of short-term administration of some antiretroviral drugs on hematological and hepatic parameters in albino rats. The rats were treated with 0.43, 0.43, 0.27 and 0.21 mg kg-1 of Efavirenz, Abacavir, SNP 40 and Lamivudine respectively, for seven days. The control group received normal saline. On the eighth day, the rats were sacrificed; blood and liver were collected for White Blood Cell Count (WBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) analysis. All the drugs showed significant increase (p<0.05) in %WBC (43.0, 42.6, 52.3 and 37.4%) for Efavirenz, Abacavir, SNP 40 and Lamivudine respectively. Abacavir, SNP 40 and Lamivudine significantly decreased (p<0.05) ALP by 66.67, 84.75 and 56.24%, respectively while Efavirenz and Abacavir caused significant increase and decrease (p<0.05) in AST by 9.09 and 16.36% respectively. Efavirenz, Abacavir and Lamivudine caused significant increase (p<0.05) in ALT by 321.6, 497.6 and 177%, respectively. The drugs significantly increased the immunity of the animals and Efavirenz, Lamivudine and Abacavir caused hepatic damage. The clinical implication of our findings is that hepatoprotective agents should be included in the treatment regimen when administering antiretroviral drugs such as Efavirenz, Lamivudine and Abacavir.
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