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Performance Evaluation of Two Probiotic Species, on the Growth, Body Composition and Immune Expression in Penaeus monodon |
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Pachaan Kolanchinathan,
Padmanabhan Rathna Kumari,
Thiagarajan Shalini Gnanam,
George John and Athmanathan Balasundaram |
Abstract:
Background and Objective: The probiotics used in marine shrimp farms are based predominantly on the terrestrial probiotic and their modes of action are not established well. This study was an attempt to evaluate the performance efficiency of two putative probiotic strains, on the growth, survival, biochemical enhancement, immune expression and disease resistance in Penaeus monodon. Materials and Methods: The three feed trial groups in the study composed of (1) B. coagulans (BSCB-2), (2) B. firmus (BSCB-13) and (3) The mixed bacterial diet group comprising equal proportion of the two bacterial strains. The selected strains were incorporated in specific quantities in the compounds shrimp feed and were fed to P. monodon for 15 days, after a pathogen challenge with Vibrio alginolyticus. Growth, biochemical and immune parameters were studied. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 10.5. Results: Mean weight gain (g), mean length gain (cm), Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) significantly increased (p<0.05) in the combined bacterial diet group compared to other groups. The biochemical constituents such as protein and glycogen were also significantly higher (p<0.05) in bacterial diet group, while lipid variation was insignificant. Total Haemocyte Count (THC) was significantly higher in B. firmus fed group (1584±6.0). Gradual decrease in THC was observed generally after infection. Maximum reduction was observed in control animals (561±5.0). Prophenol oxidase activity was higher in B. coagulans group (7.3±0.2 U min–1 mg–1 of protein), while decrease in Prophenol oxidase activity was observed in control animals (1.7±0.1 U min–1 mg–1 of protein). The NBT activity significantly increased (p<0.05) in B. firmus (4.21±0.2) supplemented group. A gradual decrease in nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) activity was observed in control animal group (0.88±0.1). Bacterial clearance was enumerated in the haemolyph from the time of Vibrio injection. There was an initial spurt of Vibrios when cultured in the selective medium TCBS for all the three treatments. A gradual decrease in Vibrio count was observed after 24 h duration. Conclusion: It is concluded that oral administration of probiotics led to their adherence in shrimp digestive tract. Also, Probiotic supplementation increased the resistance of shrimps to V. alginolyticus infection and brought about increased survival.
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How to cite this article:
Pachaan Kolanchinathan, Padmanabhan Rathna Kumari, Thiagarajan Shalini Gnanam, George John and Athmanathan Balasundaram, 2017. Performance Evaluation of Two Probiotic Species, on the Growth, Body Composition and Immune Expression in Penaeus monodon. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 12: 157-167.
DOI: 10.3923/jfas.2017.157.167
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jfas.2017.157.167
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