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Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2016 | Volume: 16 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 86-92
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Authors

Othman E. Othman

Eman R. Mahfouz

Keywords

Research Article

Genetic Biodiversity, Affinities and Phylogeny of Four Goat Breeds in Egypt

Othman E. Othman and Eman R. Mahfouz
Mitochondrial DNA is considered to be the most informative genomic data for declaring the origins of domestic livestock like cattle, sheep, goat and pig. This study aims to identify the genetic diversity and affinities of 4 goat breeds reared in Egypt using mtDNA. The results revealed the presence of 69 polymorphic sites which led to the identification of 44 different haplotypes. The sequences of all detected haplotypes were submitted to GenBank database with the accession numbers KU145776-KU145819. The nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.01121 in Baladi breed to 0.01733 in Zaraibi breed with a total nucleotide diversity of 0.01483 in 4 tested breeds. Net distances between breeds were calculated and the results showed that the highest distances were recorded between Damascus and other breeds; Baladi, Barki and Zaraibi, respectively. Neighbor-joining tree was constructed using the sequences of 70 tested samples and different reference haplogroups. The phylogeny results showed that all tested animals belong to haplogroup A with the exception of two samples, one from Barki and the other from Zaraibi breeds, which belonged to haplogroup G. In conclusion, the genetic distance was found to be wider between Damascus breed (originating from Syria) and other local Egyptian three breeds, where the distance between them was close. Most goat populations in Egypt were found to be belonging to haplogroup A, which agrees with the hypothesis suggesting that the place of goat domestication is the fertile crescent region while the sheep interred North Africa via Sinai.
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