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Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2009 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 175-179
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Authors

N. Haghtalab

N. Shayesteh

S. Aramideh

Keywords

Research Article

Insecticidal Efficacy of Castor and Hazelnut Oils in Stored Cowpea Against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

N. Haghtalab, N. Shayesteh and S. Aramideh
Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is a primary pest of cowpea and other legumes worldwide, both in fields and in stored seeds. Castor oil at 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 mL kg-1 and Hazelnut at 2.8, 4.4, 6, 7.6 and 9.2 mL kg-1 were tested against C. maculatus in cowpea. All bioassays were conducted at 27±1°C and 65±5% r.h and mortality was counted after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure. After the 72 h mortality count, all adults were removed and the vials were left at the same conditions for further 35 days to assess progeny production. The increase of dose and exposure interval increased mortality. After 72 h of exposure, mortality received to 80.83% on Hazelnut oil at high rate (9.2 mL kg-1). Mortality in the case of Castor oil was higher than Hazelnut and received to 86.66% at 9 mL kg-1. The lowest LC50 value on 72 h was observed in the Hazelnut (6.57 mL kg-1). In contrast, the lowest LC95 value on 72 h was observed in the Castor (l0.94 mL kg-1). Complete suppression in progeny production was achieved on cowpea treated with Castor oil at 9 mL kg-1 but in the all case, the percentage of reduced progeny received up to 90%. In conclusion, treatment of grain with vegetable oil could have important practical implications for parts of the world where pesticides are expensive or in short supply.
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