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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2019 | Volume: 19 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 173-179
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Authors

N.G. Anyanwu

C.N. Ariole

C.N. Ariole

Keywords

Research Article

Probiotic Potential of an Indigenous Marine Bacillus thuringiensis on Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Culture Infected with Vibrio mimicus

N.G. Anyanwu and C.N. Ariole C.N. Ariole's LiveDNA
Background and Objective: Antibiotic resistance problem has led to the search for alternate approaches for disease management in aquaculture systems. Probiotic potential of indigenous marine Bacillus thuringiensis was carried out on shrimp (Penaeus monodon) culture infected with Vibrio mimicus in a non-flow through system. Materials and Methods: Bacillus species (potential probiotic candidates) were isolated from healthy shrimp intestine while pathogenic Vibrio mimicus was previously isolated from moribund shrimp intestine. Agar well diffusion assay was employed for in vitro antibacterial assay. Acute pathogenicity test followed by histopathological examination of shrimp hepatopancreas were carried out. Challenge test was carried out with Vibrio mimicus for 12 days after addition of the antagonistic bacterium. Water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and dissolved oxygen were monitored. Results: Bacillus sp., B1 amongst the investigated potential probiotic candidates proved antagonistic to Vibrio mimicus with inhibition zone of 16.0±0.32 mm. Histopathology result proved safety of Bacillus sp., B1 when it neither cause any mortality on the test shrimp, nor cause any detrimental effects on their internal organs while Vibrio mimicus proved lethal to the postlarvae. Molecular identification of Bacillus sp., B1 revealed its close relatedness to Bacillus thuringiensis strain G5-8-3T02. Conclusion: Challenge test revealed that shrimp with the probiotic addition exhibited resistance to the pathogen. This was expressed by the weight and length increase in the experimental shrimp. Water quality parameters were also at optimum levels throughout the culture period. Indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strain G5-8-3T02 could be a good probiotic bacterium for shrimp culture against vibriosis.
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