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| Metabolizable Energy Requirements for Broiler Breeder in Different Environmental
Temperatures |
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M.E. Reyes,
C. Salas and C.N. Coon |
Abstract:
A 10 wk feeding experiment was conducted to develop a model for predicting the
ME requirement for broiler breeder hens housed in different environmental temperatures.
Three groups of 50 Cobb 500 broiler breeder hens were individually housed in breeder
cages located in environmentally controlled rooms set at 15.5, 23 and 30°C.
Each breeder was given an intramuscular injection of Tamoxifen (TAM) (5 mg/kg
BW) in corn oil at days 1 and 4 to stop egg production. Ten breeders from each
environmental temperature were sacrificed for carcass composition analysis at
the beginning of the study. Breeders, during the non-laying period, housed at
15.5°C were fed 100 g providing 285 kcal MEn/b/d (2851 kcal/kg; 16%CP) and
breeders housed at 23°C and 30°C were fed 93 g providing 265 kcal MEn/b/d
of same diet. Five breeders were sacrificed from each environmental room after
the breeders resumed egg production. The ME requirement for maintenance (MEm)
determined during the non-laying period was 104.3, 98.1 and 99.4 kcal/kg0.75
for birds housed in 15.5, 23 and 30°C, respectively. At first egg, 136, 130
and 128 g/bird/d of same diet previously fed during the non-laying period provided
388, 371 and 365 kcal MEn/b/d to broiler breeder hens housed at 15.5, 23 and 30°C,
respectively. The egg number, egg weight and BW change for each breeder during
egg production was evaluated through the remainder of the 10 wk period. At the
end of the trial, all birds were sacrificed and frozen at -4°C for carcass
composition analysis. Body weight data collected during the non-laying period
was used to construct a single equation by plotting Metabolizable Energy (ME)
against body weight change (BWΔ) for each individual hen to calculate the
MEm. Egg production and egg weights were recorded daily after egg production resumed.
The MEg and MEe requirement for BW gain and egg production were determined for
breeders in each of the environmental temperatures based on the energy content
of carcass and egg mass and the respective efficiency of energy utilization. The
average MEg and MEe for the three environmental temperatures was 5.8 kcal/g and
2.3 kcal/g, respectively. Three equations were developed from the feeding experiment
to predict ME needs for breeders: Eq. 1: (ME = BW0.75 [111.9 - 0.46
T] + 5.8G + 2.3EM); Eq. 2: (ME = BW0.75 [110.3 - 0.47 T + 0.055 (T
- 22.5)2] + 5.8G + 2.3EM); Eq. 3: (ME = BW0.75 [111.02 -
0.49 T + 0.049 (T - 22.07)2] + BWΔ (1/0.77 x ERf + 1/0.37 x ERp)
+ ECE/0.73 x EM), where ME = Metabolizable Energy (kcal), BW = Body Weight (kg0.75),
T = Temperature (°C), BWΔ = Body Weight change (g/d), ERf = Energy Retained
as fat (kcal), ERp = Energy Retained as protein (kcal); ECE = Energy Content of
Eggs (kcal/g) and EM = Egg Mass (g).
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References
Citation
Report Citation
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How to cite this article:
M.E. Reyes, C. Salas and C.N. Coon, 2012. Metabolizable Energy Requirements for Broiler Breeder in Different Environmental
Temperatures. International Journal of Poultry Science, 11: 453-461.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2012.453.461
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2012.453.461
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