Effect of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) and Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum.) Extracts on the Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.)

Research Article

**Effect of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) and Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum.) Extracts on the Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.)**

E.A. Adesegun, E.O. Ajayi, O.S. Adebayo, A.K. Akintokun and O.A. Enikuomehin

Southern blight disease of tomato induced by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is known to cause about 60% reduction in tomato yield under rain fed condition. The use of resistant varieties and chemicals has not provided adequate control due to the persistent nature of the pathogen, poor adaptation of cultivars, high cost and scarcity of the chemicals. An alternative method of control was examined by evaluating the inhibitory effect of some selected spices on Southern blight disease of tomato in vitro and in vivo. Water and ethanol extraction of the seeds of Aframomum melegueta K. Schum. and leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. was done at 1-5% v/v. Sclerotium rolfsii was isolated from infected plants. The in vivo experiment was laid out in triplicates in completely randomised design using the same extracts. The synthetic fungicide served as the control. All data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using fisher’s LSD. The results showed that the spice extracts differed significantly (p<0.05) in their potential to inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii. In all, the extracts inhibition decreases with increase in concentration. Ethanol extract of the two spices at 3-5% concentration showed total inhibition (0.00 mm) on the mycelial growth. The in vivo experiment showed that plants treated with 5% O. gratissimum extract performed better in reducing Southern blight severity, gave highest fruit weight at 5% extract concentration. It was also observed. The two spice extracts are potential options for the management of S. rolfsii as they compared favourably with fungus force, a synthetic pesticide recommended for the control of S. rolfsii.

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E.A. Adesegun, E.O. Ajayi, O.S. Adebayo, A.K. Akintokun and O.A. Enikuomehin, 2012. Effect of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) and Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum.) Extracts on the Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.). International Journal of Plant Pathology, 3: 74-81.

DOI: 10.3923/ijpp.2012.74.81

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijpp.2012.74.81

International Journal of Plant Pathology

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Authors

E.A. Adesegun

E.O. Ajayi

O.S. Adebayo

A.K. Akintokun

O.A. Enikuomehin

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Research Article

**Effect of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) and Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum.) Extracts on the Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.)**

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