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International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics

Year: 2011 | Volume: 5 | Issue: 4 | Page No.: 369-378
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Authors

M.A. Azeez

J.A. Morakinyo

Keywords

Research Article

Genetic Diversity of the Seed Physical Dimensions in Cultivated and Wild Relatives of Sesame (Genera Sesamum and Ceratotheca)

M.A. Azeez and J.A. Morakinyo
Physical dimensions of nine morphologically distinct sesame seeds were determined in order to access the extent of variability for size. Length, width and thickness of nine accessions of sesame comprising six cultivated and three wild relatives were measured using micrometer. Other parameters were calculated using standard mathematical procedures. Mean seed length ranged from 2.65 to 3.77 mm, mean seed width from 1.49 to 2.84 mm and mean seed thickness from 0.61 to 1.28 mm. Seed geometric diameter varied from 0.81 to 3.91 mm3 while surface area varied from 2.43 to 48.66 mm2. Principal component analysis divided the 11 variables determined into two components which explained 88.96% of the total variation. First component (56.23%) strongly influenced seed geometric diameter, sphericity, thickness, surface area, length-thickness ratio and length. Second component (32.73%) was affected strongly by width-thickness ratio, 1000-seed weight, length-width ratio, seed oil content and width. The dendrogram generated by the un-weighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis grouped the nine accessions into five distinct clusters indicating genetic diversity. This information can be used to design processing and handling machine for sesame seeds and also to plan crosses in order to maximize the expression of heterosis for large seed size.
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