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International Journal of Pharmacology

Year: 2013 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 4 | Page No.: 245-250
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Authors

Shilan Mozaffari

Mohammad Abdollahi

Keywords

Review Article

A Review on the Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Benefits of the Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Pentoxifylline

Shilan Mozaffari and Mohammad Abdollahi
The condition of activated inflammation in the intestine is known as Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) which is more frequent in premature infants. Various studies have being carried out to find effective protections or therapies based on recognized pathophysiology of the disease. In the present review, all possible mechanisms and existing evidences at experimental or clinical levels have been analyzed. The main target is the modulation of inflammation by use of immune modulators and anti-oxidants. Pentoxifylline (Ptx) exhibits immunomodulatory effects via decreasing the synthesis of tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), interlukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (INF-γ) and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. It exerts anti-oxidant properties via scavenging hydroxyl radicals and inhibiting the xanthine oxidase. Therefore Ptx is deemed an option in the management of NEC in premature infants if proper clinical trials confirm its safety in neonates.
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