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In vivo and in vitro Reproductive Toxicity Assessment of
Ampicillin and Cloxacillin in Mammalian Models |
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Y. Raji,
F.O. Awobajo,
Olufadekemi,
T. Kunle-Alabi,
M.A. Gbadegesin and A.F. Bolarinwa |
Abstract:
This study was carried out to investigate the individual impact of ampicillin
and cloxacillin on male reproduction using both in vivo and in vitro
models. In the in vivo study, forty adult male albino rats divided into
five groups were treated daily with 0.5 mL sterile water (control), 4 mg/100 g
b.w/day of ampicillin and 6 mg/100 g b.w/day of cloxacillin. Each drug treated
group had a corresponding recovery group. Vehicle and drugs were administered
orally for two weeks at the end of which rats were sacrificed; the recovery rats
were sacrificed two weeks later. Body and reproductive organ weights and
histomorphometric analyses of the testes and epididymides were carried out.
Sperm counts, motility, viability and morphology and serum testosterone levels
were determined. In the in vitro study, semen from the West African Dwarf
Buck (WADB) was extended in graded concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0 and
20.0 mg mL 1) of ampicillin and cloxacillin individually for 24, 48,
72, 96 and 120 h. The in vivo results show that both drugs did not
adversely affect body weigh but caused significant reduction (p<0.05) in the
weight of the testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles and prostate glands.
Similarly there was a significant decrease in sperm counts, motility, viability
and morphologically normal spermatozoa. Seminiferous tubular diameter and
epididymal ductular diameter were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in both
ampicillin and cloxacillin treated rats when compared with the control. These
changes were accompanied by significant decrease in serum testosterone levels.
Discontinuation of treatment led to recovery of organ weighs, testosterone
secretion and sperm functions. In the in vitro experiments, sperm
motility was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the two drugs. This reduction was
both dose and duration dependent. The results suggest that ampicillin and
cloxacillin could induce reversible infertility in male, which could be mediated
by decrease in testosterone secretion.
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How to cite this article:
Y. Raji, F.O. Awobajo, Olufadekemi, T. Kunle-Alabi, M.A. Gbadegesin and A.F. Bolarinwa, 2006. In vivo and in vitro Reproductive Toxicity Assessment of
Ampicillin and Cloxacillin in Mammalian Models. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2: 9-14.
DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2006.9.14
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijp.2006.9.14
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