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International Journal of Dairy Science

Year: 2020 | Volume: 15 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 114-122
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Authors

Khaled A. Abdelrahman

Khaled A. Abdelrahman

Alaa A. Ghazy

Alaa A. Ghazy

Emad Beshir Ata

Emad Beshir Ata

Keywords

Review Article

Better Understanding of Important Aspects Associated with Vaccines Development for Controlling Viral Diseases in Animals

Khaled A. Abdelrahman Khaled A. Abdelrahman's LiveDNA, Alaa A. Ghazy Alaa A. Ghazy's LiveDNA and Emad Beshir Ata Emad Beshir Ata's LiveDNA
Multiple production sectors including the dairy one depend on having animal wealth free of diseases. Vaccination is the best approach to control most of animal diseases and epidemics. Most of the available vaccines are produced by the classical technology (inactivated and attenuated vaccines) which in some conditions may not be ideally used in relation to safety or inappropriate application in the disease free areas. Another step forward is required to develop and improve vaccines production by the use of recent generation vaccine technologies previously assessed in experimental work. The great advances in genomic sequencing of viruses nucleic acids and the use of comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis greatly enabled in exploring a new generation of vaccines including, recombinant subunit vaccines, virus-like particles, DNA vaccine, vector-vehicle vaccines, reassorted vaccines and concept of marker vaccines. The development of animal viral vaccines also relies on the appropriate selection of the effective strain and the choosing of proper antigen(s). At the same time, the attention should also be directed towards selecting the appropriate adjuvants. Understanding of the external factors around the process of vaccination as the strategy of disease eradication, animal age, vaccination time and the national regulation of vaccine licensing is so important in vaccine improvement. It is recommended to continuously update the strains used in the preparation of traditional vaccines according to the field circulating virus strains, adding to the establishment of new approaches to formulate new vaccine preparations with novel adjuvants and application of marker vaccines in eradication programs.
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