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Spatial Variability of Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Kadawa Irrigation Project in Sudan Savanna Agroecology of Nigeria |
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S.T. Abu and W.B. Malgwi |
Abstract:
Quantification of soil physical and chemical properties and estimation of their associated variability are essential for making site-specific decisions on soil and crop management practices. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the degree of spatial variability and variance structure of soil physical and chemical properties on about 20 ha in Kadawa Irrigation Scheme in Kano state, Nigeria, to observe changes in the variance structure caused by irrigation and to suggest future sampling designs for efficient management decisions. Forty eight soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm depth at a distance of 50 m intervals using Geographical Positioning System (GPS). The software package GS+ was used to model the variance structure of sand, silt, clay, soil bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), Organic Carbon (OC), Total Nitrogen (TN), Available Phosphorus (AP), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), exchangeable bases, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). Results obtained revealed that the coefficient of variation ranged from 3.2% (bulk density) to 156% (exchangeable K). The semivariograms showed that the range of spatial dependence varied from 26 m (AP) to 911 m (exchangeable Na) for all measured soil properties. Cross-semivariograms showed that the particle size classes and soil hydraulic properties were spatially correlated; therefore, kriging or cokriging can be used to estimate hydraulic properties from available texture data. Correlograms with Moran’s I indicated that a distance of 391 m was adequate to generate independent samples for measured soil physical and chemical properties. The kriged contour maps showed positional similarities. These contour maps of soil properties, along with their spatial structures, can be used in making better future sampling designs and management decisions.
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How to cite this article:
S.T. Abu and W.B. Malgwi, 2011. Spatial Variability of Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Kadawa Irrigation Project in Sudan Savanna Agroecology of Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 6: 714-735.
DOI: 10.3923/ijar.2011.714.735
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijar.2011.714.735
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