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Asian Journal of Plant Sciences

Year: 2023 | Volume: 22 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 277-283
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Authors

Nwonu Patience Chiebonam

Nwonu Patience Chiebonam

Nwonu Chukwunwike Nnamdi

O. Anthony Ogbonna

Nnamani Ifebuche

C. Chijioke Paschal

Keywords

Background and Objective: Gongronema latifolium is used in traditional medicine in Africa. It is claimed to have antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antidiarrhoea, antiplasmodial and antitussive properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the acute toxicity, phytochemical potential, antiplasmodial and haematological parameters of this plant grown in Nigeria. Antimalarial and haematological effects of Gongronema latifolium in mice. Phytochemical screening was also carried out. Materials and Methods: Dried leaves of G. latifolium were extracted using methanol, filtered, evaporated and tested for phytochemical constituents of protein, saponins, carbohydrates, glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids etc. A total of 50 mice were used, 25 for the suppressive and 25 for a curative model of antimalarial activity and haematological effect. The acute toxicity test (LD50) was determined in 24 hrs. The anti-malaria activity suppressive and curative models were also determined pre and post administrations of G. latifolium extract. The suppressive model used Peter’s 4 days protocols involving the administration of G. latifolium extract to three groups of three mice per group doses of 100, 2000 and 4000 mg kg–1, respectively, of the extracts and 1 mg kg–1 aqueous solution of artemether/lumefantrine (AL) (20/120 mg) and 5 mL kg–1 of distilled water to the 4th and 5th groups, for 3 days, after 4 hrs of inducting parasitemia. While the curative model used the Rane protocol and involved a 3 days establishment of parasitemia in mice (n = 6) per group, the dose of extract, drug standard and negative control and the number of groups and days of treatment are the same. Results: Suppression of parasitemia (curative model) was found to be 10.0000±0.31623, 4.4000±0.50990, 1.0000±0.44721, 2000±0.20000 per 10 fields of 1000 erythrocytes for the 100, 200 and 400 mg kg–1 of the G. latifolium and 1 mg kg–1 of AL against 28.00 per 10 fields of 1000 erythrocytes of the negative control, which was significant both within the groups and the negative control at p<0.05 level of significance. The haematological parameters (PVC, Hb and RBC) showed significant increases. The result of the curative model demonstrated a daily increase in parasitemia clearance. Changes were only significant (p<0.05) between the groups and the negative control, but not within the groups. Conclusion: Gongronema latifolium possesses antimalarial activity with improvement in red blood cell indices in albino mice, justifying its use in traditional malaria treatment.
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How to cite this article

Nwonu Patience Chiebonam, Nwonu Chukwunwike Nnamdi, O. Anthony Ogbonna, Nnamani Ifebuche and C. Chijioke Paschal, 2023. Antimalarial and Haematological Effects of the Methanolic Leaf Extract of Gongronema latifolium on Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 22: 277-283.

DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2023.277.283

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajps.2023.277.283

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