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American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development

Year: 2013 | Volume: 3 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 60-71
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Authors

Erute Magdalene Adongbede

Erute Magdalene Adongbede

Egboduku O. Wisdom

Keywords

Research Article

Screening of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants for Anti-candida Activity

Erute Magdalene Adongbede Erute Magdalene Adongbede's LiveDNA and Egboduku O. Wisdom
Medicinal plants used in oral medicine in Delta state South of Nigeria were investigated for anti-candida activity. The study addresses the high rate of candida infections and resistance to antibiotics in Nigeria. Twenty-one medicinal plants used in oral medicine for treating infectious diseases were tested for anti-candida activity using Candida albicans and Candida krusei. Ethanol, methanol, n-hexane, chloroform and water extracts of the plants were screened for antimicrobial activity using the paper disc diffusion method. Phytochemical screening of the medicinal plants showed they had significant concentrations of alkaloids, phlobatannins, terpenoids, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. Tannins, steroids and tannins were not present in significant concentrations in all the plants tested. Nineteen (i.e., 90.48%) ethanol plant extracts were significantly active against Candida albicans and 80.95% of the plants were active with methanol extracts. The number of medicinal plants in percentage that showed significant inhibition with n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous extracts for this test organism was 71.43% (i.e., 15 plants), 61.90% (i.e., 13 plants) and 33.33% (i.e., 7 plants), respectively. The effect of the plant extracts on Candida krusei was comparable to their effect on C. albicans as 85.71% of the plants showed significant activity for ethanol and 80.95, 66.67 and 14.29% for methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, respectively and little or no activity with the aqueous extract. Five of the medicinal plants screened recorded inhibition zones ≥19.00 mm, significantly higher than the standard antibiotics tested. These plants and those that showed significant activity should be investigated as potential sources of new antimicrobials.
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