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Asian Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2008 | Volume: 1 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 26-32
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Authors

Mona A. Ismail

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Research Article

Involvement of Ca2+ in Alleviation of Cd2+ Toxicity in Common Bean (Phaseolas vulgaris L.) Plants

Mona A. Ismail
In common bean plants, Cd caused significant growth retardation in stem length, stem fresh weight, stem dry weight and number of pods per plant by both concentrations (100 and 200 μM) of CdCl2; while, the number of leaves and number of flowers per plant were reduced at high concentration of CdCl2. The root growth parameters were not significantly responding to Cd toxicity. The addition of CaCl2 (100 μM) to Cd-stressed (100 μM CdCl2) plants improved the stem fresh weight, root length, number of flowers and number of pods per plant. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were reduced with increasing concentrations of CdCl2; while, carotenoids were higher in Cd-treated plants. The addition of CaCl2 increased the content of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll, but not chlorophyll b. The total number of protein bands in SDS-PAGE protein profile was reduced in plants treated with CdCl2. However, addition of CaCl2 (100 mM) did not correct the changes in the number of protein bands caused by cd stress. The synthesis of high molecular weight proteins (116 and 85.54 kDa) was completely inhibited by 200 μM CdCl2; while, the synthesis of low molecular weight protein (26.11 kDa) was totally blocked by both CdCl2 treatments. The addition of 100 mM CaCl2 restored the synthesis of a 28.57 kDa protein. The synthesis of a molecular weight polypeptide of 101 kDa was induced by the high concentration of CdCl2. Progressive collapsing; disruption and browning of outer root tissues followed by cell death were noticed after CdCl2 treatments. Addition of CaCl2 relatively corrected the browning and collapsing of tissues caused by CdCl2.
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