Biological Significances, Diagnostic Values and Therapeutic Approach of Proinsulin Connecting Peptide


	Asian Journal of Biochemistry
	Year: 2011 \| Volume: 6 \| Issue: 3 \| Page No.: 214-227 DOI: 10.3923/ajb.2011.214.227

Biological Significances, Diagnostic Values and Therapeutic Approach of Proinsulin Connecting Peptide

Gamal El-din I. Harisa

Abstract: In the past years, proinsulin-connecting peptide (C-peptide) considered a biologically inactive peptide. Recently it has been demonstrated that this peptide exert insulin-independent biological effects. This review provides a summary of recent research and discusses some beneficial and detrimental effects of C-peptide. The binding of C-peptide with cell membrane inducing signal transduction through G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCR). This resulted in phospholipase-C (PLC) activation that provokes an increase in Ca²⁺and diacylglycerol (DAG) leading to activation of many cellular signaling. The treatment of diabetic patients in particular type 2 with C-peptide resulted in improved glucose metabolism as well as blood flow. So that renal functions in addition to nerve functions are get well again. C-peptide and insulin are secreted in equimolar amounts; therefore the measurement of C-peptide permits the quantitation of insulin secretion. Due to the longer half life of C-peptide than insulin it regard as a god indicator for endogenous insulin secretion. C-peptide is sensitive to physiological degradation therefore, several strategies are taken to improve the bioavailability for C-peptide. These strategies include amino acids modification, endogenous carrier conjugation, liposome incorporation and peptidase inhibition. These data indicated that C-peptide is biologically active peptide and has many functions in treatment of diabetic associated complications. Further, studies in particular in vivo are required to explore the exact roles of C-peptide the treatment of diabetic associated complications as well as cardiovascular disease.

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How to cite this article:

Gamal El-din I. Harisa , 2011. Biological Significances, Diagnostic Values and Therapeutic Approach of Proinsulin Connecting Peptide. Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 6: 214-227.

DOI: 10.3923/ajb.2011.214.227

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajb.2011.214.227

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