Plant Pathology Journal1812-53871812-5425Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ppj.2007.254.259Grapevine fanleaf virus in North-East of Iran]]>PourrahimReza FarzadfarShirin GolnaraghiAli RezaAhoonmaneshAli 3200763The incidence and distribution of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) were investigated in two viticultural regions of northeastern Iran (Bojnurd and Kashmar) during the 2005 growing season. A total of 3,454 leaf samples were randomly collected from 25 vineyards and virus incidence was subsequently assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serological results were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using the specific primers designed to amplify a DNA fragment of approximately 1,500 bp corresponding to the GFLV-coat protein gene. The nucleotide sequence of the amplified DNAs of five selected GFLV Iranian isolates showed the highest identities to the same regions of other published GFLV sequences from GenBank. Based on ELISA, twenty two out of 25 surveyed vineyards had virus infection rates ranging from 4.2 to 15.8%. GFLV incidence in Bojnurd and Kashmar was 10.9 and 6.7%, respectively, with an overall incidence of 8.8%. In the fields surveyed, a widespread occurrence of Xiphinema index was also detected.]]>Altschul, S.F., T.L. Madden, A.A. Schaffer, J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, W. Miller and D.J. Lipman,19972533893402Anonymous,2004Burland, T.G.,20001327191Clark, M.F. and A.N. Adams,197734475483Fauquet, C.M., M.A. Mayo, J. Maniloff, U. Desselberger and L.A. Ball,20052nd Edn.,Pages: 1162Pages: 1162Ghorbani, S.,19881988Izadpanah, K., M. Zaki-Aghl, Y.P. Zhang, S.D. Daubert and A. Rowhani,2003Grapevine fanleaf virus.]]>8711791182Lazar, J., M. Kolber and J. Lehoczky,1990225872Martelli, G.P. and V. Savino,19901990pp: 48-49pp: 48-49Martelli, G.P.,19931993pp: 9-14pp: 9-14Martelli, G.P., B. Walter and L. Pink,2001Martelli, G.P.,20032003Naraghi-Arani, P., S. Daubert and A. Rowhani,2001Grapevine fanleaf virus.]]>8217911795Parvizy, R.,19891989Pearson, R.C. and A.C. Goheen,1990pp: 93pp: 93Pourrahim, R., N. Shahraeen, Sh. Farzadfar, A.R. Golnaraghi, H. Irani, H. Amani, Z. Tanhamafi and A. Ahoonmanesh,20002000Rakhshandehroo, F., R. Pourrahim, H. Zamani Zadeh, S. Rezaee and M. Mohammadi,2005153480484Raski, D.J., A.C. Goheen, L.A. Lider and C.D. Meredith,198367335340Ritzenthaler, C., M. Viry, M. Pinck, R. Margis, M. Fuchs and L. Pinck,1991Grapevine fanleaf nepovirus RNA1.]]>7223572365Rowhani, A., C. Chay, D.A. Golino and B.W. Falk,199383749753Sambrook, J., E.F. Fritsch and T.A. Maniatis,19892nd Edn.,Pages: 397Pages: 397Serghini, M.A., M. Fuchs, M. Pinck, J. Reinbolt, B. Walter and L. Pinck,19907114331441Thompson, J.D., D.G. Higgins and T.J. Gibson,19942246734680Vuittenez, A.,19701970pp: 217-228pp: 217-228Zaki-Aghl, M. and K. Izadpanah,2003Grapevine fanleaf virus in Iran.]]>39161171